Endocrine Abstracts

Aldosterone (aldo) concentrations in the brain and heart are slightly lower, but parallel those in the plasma. Plasma, heart and urine aldosterone continue to be detected in very small amounts in adrenalectomized (ADX) rats, however the concentrations of aldosterone in the brain, though very low, are higher than plasma levels in ADX rats. StAR protein and all of the steroidogenic enzymes necessary for the synthesis of aldosterone are expressed in the central nervous system (CN...

Angiotensin II (A-II) stimulates aldosterone (aldo) secretion through the zona glomerulosa AT1R. A-II can be metabolized to angiotensin III (A-III) which also stimulates aldo synthesis. In the rat A-III stimulates aldo secretion through the AT2R receptor.The human adrenocortical HAC15 cells were incubated with A-II or A-III (10 nM) for 24 h and the concentration of aldo and cortisol (F) measured in the media. A-II produced a fourfold and A-III a twofold ...

Increasing incidence of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) is due to accurate histological study of surgical specimens (incidental, INC) or to improved preoperative diagnostic techniques (preoperatively diagnosed, PD). We evaluate the differences between both groups of PTMC from 2000 to 2009.We reviewed data of patients diagnosed of PTMC (<10 mm) during the last decade with complete follow-up since surgery. Demographic data, tumour size, histolo...

Introduction: Adrenal lesions occur in more than 10% of the general population. Most are benign, but 2.5% are metastatic disease to the adrenal from tumors such melanoma, renal, breast, colon and lung carcinoma. Adrenal metastatic disease is usually asymptomatic and diagnosed in the extension study or the primary tumor. However it is unusual as a presentation of an endocrine tumor or like the first manifestation of metastatic disease.We present two patie...

Introduction: Maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) is a genetically, metabolically and clinically heterogeneous subtype of diabetes mellitus characterized by an early onset, an autosomal dominant inheritance, and a primary defect in insulin secretion. They are caused by mutations in a reduced number of β-cell genes. Mutations in glucokinase gen (MODY 2) and hepatic nuclear factor 1α (HNF 1α) (MODY 3) are the most common.Materials an...

Background and aims: Use of potassium iodide (PI) supplements during gestation in mild to moderate iodine deficiency areas remains a controversial issue.Objective: Comparing the pharmacological effect of iodized salt versus iodide potassium supplements on the maternal thyroid function and neurodevelopment (Bayley Scales) of the progeny.Methods: One hundred and thirty one pregnant women were included from the first trimester (below ...

Diagnosis of primary aldosteronism (PA) is made by screening, confirmation testing and subtype diagnosis (CT scan and adrenal vein sampling, AVS). However, some tests are costly and unavailable in most hospitals. We evaluated the role of serum 18-hydroxycorticosterone (s18OHB) and urinary and serum 18-hydroxycortisol (u and s18OHF) and 18-oxocortisol (u and s18oxoF) in the diagnosis of PA and its subtypes, aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA) and bilateral adrenal hyperplasia (...

Aim: To compare the effectiveness and tolerability of Exenatide twice daily treatment of obese and morbidly obese type 2 diabetic (T2D) patients.Material and methods: To analyze data of obese and severe obese T2D patients initiated on Exenatide in our Endocrine clinics who complete one year of treatment. We separate patients in two groups: group A (BMI<40 kg/m2) and group B (BMI≥40 kg/m2). We did not include any modificati...

Aim: To assess the effectiveness, safety and tolerability of Exenatide twice daily treatment of type 2 diabetes and obesity.Material and methods: Data analysis of obese type 2 diabetic patients initiated on Exenatide therapy in our Endocrine clinics who complete 1 year of treatment.Results: We included 42 patients, 30 women (71.4%) and 12 men (28.6%), mean (±S.D.) age 57±10 and 9±7 years diabetes evolu...

Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) is the fifth leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. The main pharmacological strategy for this pathology is the blockade of the androgen receptor signalling pathway, commonly known as androgen-deprivation therapy. However, some of the patients does no longer respond to this hormonal therapy. Therefore, finding novel therapeutic strategies to tackle PCa, especially its most advanced phenotype [i.e., castration-resistant prostate cance...